The gold standard for autophagy research
The three proteins, LC3, GABARAP (GABAA receptor-associated protein), and GATE-16 (Golgi-associated ATPase enhancer), are mammalian homologues of yeast Atg8. Among them, LC3 has been studied most extensively and frequently used as an autophagy marker in mammals. Newly translated LC3 (proLC3) is immediately processed at the C-terminus by Atg4B or Atg4A, forming LC3-I. Upon induction of autophagy, LC3-I is sequentially transferred to E1 and E2, and conjugated to the substrate, PE (phosphatidylethanolamine). The resulting PE-conjugated LC3 is called LC3-II. Although LC3-II has a higher molecular weight than LC3-I, the mobility of LC3-II is greater than LC3-I on SDS-PAGE, due to higher hydrophobicity. GABARAP and GATE-16 are also conjugated to PE in a similar process.
Recommend LC3 antibodies
Code No. | Clone | Isotype | Application | Conjugate | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WB | IP | IC | IH | FCM | Immuno-EM | ||||
PM036 | Polyclonal | Rabbit | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★* | |
M186-3 | 8E10 | Mouse | ★★★★ | ★* | |||||
M186-7 | 8E10 | Mouse | ★★★★ | HRP | |||||
M152-3 | 4E12 | Mouse | ★ | ★★★ | ★★★★ | ★* | ★★★ | ★★ | |
PD014 | Polyclonal | Rabbit | ★★★ | ★* | ★* |
An antibody for Atg8 in filamentous fungi is also available. Click here.
Product data; LC3 antibodies
- This antibody can be used by various application!
■ Immunocytochemistry
■ Immunoprecipitation
■ Western blotting
■ Immunohistochemistry
■ Flow cytometry
- This antibody is suitable for Western blotting use!
■ Western blotting
■ Western blotting (HRP conjugated antibody)
- This antibody is suitable for Immunocytochemistry use!
■ Immunocytochemistry
■ Immuno-EM
Detection of autophagy by Anti-LC3 mAb (code No. M152-3, clone 4E12)(IC, FCM) using chloroquin
Addition of chloroquine to the medium inhibits lysosome-autophagosome fusion. In this experimental condition, immunocytochemistry (IC) using LC3 antibody reveals a large accumulation of autophagosomes, and flow cytometry (FCM) shows increased fluorescence intensity in the chloroquine-treated cells.
LC3 Positive Control
■ Western blotting
Product data; GABARAP antibody
■ Western blotting
■ Western blotting
Product data; GATE-16 antibody
■ Western blotting